Steel - M.S, · Carbon steel (Alloy steel), Stainless Steels.
- Mechanical Properties of metals
The mechanical properties of the metal are those which are associated with the ability of the material to resist mechanical forces and load. These mechanical properties of the metal include strength, stiffness, elasticity, plasticity, ductility, and hardness.
1. Strength -It is ability of a material to resist the externally applied forces without breaking or yielding. The internal resistance offered by a part to an externally applied force is called stress.
2. Stiffness - It is the ability of a material to resist deformation under stress. The modulus of elasticity is the measure of stiffness.
3. Elasticity - It is the property of a material to regain its original shape after deformation when the external forces are removed. Note steel is more elastic than rubber.
4. Plasticity - It is a property of a material which retains the deformation produced under load permanently. This property of the material is necessary for bending.
5. Ductility - It is the property of a material enabling it to bending with the application of a force. A ductile material must be both strong and plastic. The ductility is usually measured by percentage elongation and percentage reduction in area. The ductile material commonly used are Mild Steel, Stainless Steel, Aluminum, Lead etc.
6. Hardness - This is very important property of the metal. It embraces many different properties such as resistance to wear, scratching, deformation and machinability. In sheet metal normally hardness expressed by numbers (a)Brinell numbers and (b)Rockwell hardness in scale A, B and C.
- Brinell hardness number is written as BHN
- Rockwell hardness number is written as HRA, HRB or HRC.
